Tham khảo Lịch_sử_Pakistan

  1. Young, Margaret Walsh. Cities of The World . Gale Research Company. tr. 439. ISBN 0-8103-2542-X. |ngày truy cập= cần |url= (trợ giúp)
  2. Cilano, Cara (ngày 3 tháng 6 năm 2014). National Identities in Pakistan: The 1971 War in Contemporary Pakistani Fiction (bằng tiếng Anh). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-22507-0.
  3. “COUNTRY PROFILE: PAKISTAN” (PDF). Library of Congress. Library of Congress – Federal Research Division. Truy cập ngày 1 tháng 4 năm 2020.
  4. Babb, Carla. “Ancient Pakistan Civilization Remains Shrouded in Mystery”. VOA News. Truy cập ngày 1 tháng 4 năm 2020.
  5. Rehmat Ali, Chauhdry. “Pakistan: Fatherland of the Pak nations” (PDF). Bản gốc (PDF) lưu trữ ngày 8 tháng 11 năm 2020.
  6. Qamar, Raheel; Ayub, Qasim; Mohyuddin, Aisha; Helgason, Agnar; Mazhar, Kehkashan; Mansoor, Atika; Zerjal, Tatiana; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Mehdi, S. Qasim (2002). “Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in Pakistan”. The American Journal of Human Genetics. 70 (5): 1107–1124. doi:10.1086/339929. ISSN 0002-9297. PMC 447589. PMID 11898125.
  7. , ISBN 978-1-107-01785-6 |title= trống hay bị thiếu (trợ giúp) Quote: "The record from South Asia (Pakistan, India and Sri Lanka) has been pivotal in discussions of the archaeological signature of early modern humans east of Africa because of the well-excavated and well-dated sites that have recently been reported in this region and because of the central role South Asia played in early population expansion and dispersals to the east. Genetic studies have revealed that India was the gateway to subsequent colonisation of Asia and Australia and saw the first major population expansion of modern human populations anywhere outside of Africa. South Asia therefore provides a crucial stepping-scone in early modern migration to Southeast Asia and Oceania. (pages 81–2)"
  8. , ISBN 978-1-107-11162-2 |title= trống hay bị thiếu (trợ giúp) Quote: "page 33: "The earliest discovered instance in India of well-established, settled agricultural society is at Mehrgarh in the hills between the Bolan Pass and the Indus plain (today in Pakistan) (see Map 3.1). From as early as 7000 BCE, communities there started investing increased labor in preparing the land and selecting, planting, tending, and harvesting particular grain-producing plants. They also domesticated animals, including sheep, goats, pigs, and oxen (both humped zebu [Bos indicus] and unhumped [Bos taurus]). Castrating oxen, for instance, turned them from mainly meat sources into domesticated draft-animals as well."
  9. , ISBN 978-0-19-882905-8 |title= trống hay bị thiếu (trợ giúp), Quote: "(p 29) "The subcontinent's people were hunter-gatherers for many millennia. There were very few of them. Indeed, 10,000 years ago there may only have been a couple of hundred thousand people, living in small, often isolated groups, the descendants of various 'modern' human incomers. Then, perhaps linked to events in Mesopotamia, about 8,500 years ago agriculture emerged in Baluchistan."
  10. , ISBN 978-0-521-28550-6 |title= trống hay bị thiếu (trợ giúp)Quote: "During the second half of the fourth and early part of the third millennium B.C., a new development begins to become apparent in the greater Indus system, which we can now see to be a formative stage underlying the Mature Indus of the middle and late third millennium. This development seems to have involved the whole Indus system, and to a lesser extent the Indo-Iranian borderlands to its west, but largely left untouched the subcontinent east of the Indus system. (page 81)"
  11. , ISBN 978-0-934718-52-3 |title= trống hay bị thiếu (trợ giúp)
  12. Hirst, K. Kris. 2005. "Mehrgarh". Guide to Archaeology
  13. Possehl, Gregory L. 1996. "Mehrgarh." Oxford Companion to Archaeology, edited by Brian Fagan. Oxford University Press, Oxford
  14. Wright 2009, tr. 1.Lỗi sfn: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFWright2009 (trợ giúp)
  15. Wright 2010:Quote: "The Indus civilization is one of three in the 'Ancient East' that, along with MesopotamiaPharonic Egypt, was a cradle of early civilization in the Old World (Childe 1950). Mesopotamia and Egypt were longer lived, but coexisted with Indus civilization during its florescence between 2600 and 1900 B.C. Of the three, the Indus was the most expansive, extending from today's northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and India."Lỗi sfn: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFWright2010 (trợ giúp)
  16. Blanc De La, Paul. “Indus Epigraphic Perspectives: Exploring Past Decipherment Attempts & Possible New Approaches 2013 Pg 11” (PDF). University of Ottawa Research. University of Ottawa. Bản gốc (PDF) lưu trữ ngày 4 tháng 9 năm 2014. Truy cập ngày 11 tháng 8 năm 2014.
  17. Wright 2010, tr. 1.Lỗi sfn: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFWright2010 (trợ giúp)
  18. Feuerstein, Georg; Subhash Kak; David Frawley (1995). In search of the cradle of civilization: new light on ancient India. Wheaton, Illinois: Quest Books. tr. 147. ISBN 978-0-8356-0720-9.

Tài liệu tham khảo

WikiPedia: Lịch_sử_Pakistan http://www.ruor.uottawa.ca/bitstream/10393/26166/1... http://archaeology.about.com/od/mterms/g/mehrgarh.... http://chrehmatali.com/books/Fatherland_of_the_Pak... //pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11898125 //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC447589 //doi.org/10.1086%2F339929 //www.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9297 https://books.google.com/books?id=kbx7q0gxyTcC https://www.voanews.com/east-asia/ancient-pakistan... https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/cs/profiles/Pakistan.pd...